The terms spermatocele cysts and epididymal cysts are often used to describe the same thing. However, it is essential to make sure you know about the differences. An epididymal cyst contains only clear fluid and is inside the epididymis (where sperm cells are stored once created). Spermatocele cysts also contain sperm and form in the tubules that transport sperm. While more common in adults, epididymal cysts can occasionally be found in pediatric patients. They are benign (not cancerous) and painless.
Symptoms
- A painless lump or swelling in the scrotum.
- Discomfort or heaviness in the scrotum.
- Though rare, there can be pain if the cyst grows large enough.
Diagnosis
Your doctor will perform a physical examination to diagnose an epididymal or spermatocele cyst. A scrotal ultrasound will be needed to confirm the diagnosis.
The only way to tell an epididymal cyst from a spermatocele cyst at this stage is to aspirate the fluid to see if sperm cells are present.
Treatment
Epididymal cysts do not usually require treatment as they are painless.
- Conservative Management includes monitoring for changes in size and pain for cysts without symptoms.
- Surgical Intervention includes excision (cutting out) of larger and more painful cysts. In this procedure, a small incision is made into the scrotum, and the cyst is removed. This is typically avoided as the surgery will likely prevent sperm from being able to leave the testicle.
Follow-Up
Regular check-ups are recommended so your pediatric urologist can monitor the cyst’s size and symptoms. Any increase in size or pain may warrant treatment.
If you have any questions or concerns about common pediatric concerns, schedule an appointment with an expert Georgia Urology pediatric urologist.