Spermatocele

Spermatocele and epididymal cysts are often used to describe the same thing. However, it is essential to note the differences. An epididymal cyst contains clear fluid, while a spermatocele cyst also contains sperm. These cysts form near the epididymis, where sperm cells are stored once created. While more common in adults, spermatocele cysts can occasionally be found in pediatric patients. They are usually benign and painless.

Symptoms

• Painless lump or swelling in the scrotum.
• Discomfort or heaviness in the scrotum.
• Though rare, there can be pain if the cyst grows large enough.

Diagnosis

Your doctor will perform a physical examination to diagnose an epididymal or spermatocele cyst. A scrotal ultrasound will be needed to confirm the diagnosis. The only way to tell an epididymal cyst from a spermatocele cyst is to aspirate the fluid to see if sperm cells are within.

Treatment

Spermatocele cysts do not usually require treatment as they are painless and removal can inadvertently damage the epididymis, a very delicate structure, potentially blocking sperm’s ability to leave that testicle.

Conservative Management

Monitoring for change in size and pain for cysts without symptoms.

Surgical Intervention

Spermatocelectomy is used to remove more extensive and painful cysts. In this procedure, a small incision is made into the scrotum, and the cyst is removed.

Follow-Up

Regular check-ups are recommended so your doctor can monitor the cyst’s size and symptoms. Any increase in size or pain may warrant treatment.

Resource:

1. María Fernández-Ibieta, Villalon-Ferrero F, Jose Luis Ramos-García. Benign Scrotal Tumor in a Pediatric Patient: Epididymal Cyst. Case Reports in Urology. 2018;2018:1-3. doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1635635